What is legionella? Causes of legionnaires’ disease explained after bacteria found in water on Bibby Stockholm
Asylum seekers are being evacuated from the Bibby Stockholm barge following the discovery of dangerous legionella bacteria on board.
The bacteria, which can cause a type of pneumonia called legionnaires’ disease if inhaled, was discovered in the vessel’s water supply.
Nobody on board the barge which is moored in Portland, Dorset are currently showing signs of legionnaire’s disease, according to the Home Office.
It is understood that test results on the water came back positive for legionella on 7 August – the day asylum seekers arrived on the barge.
The discovery comes after 39 asylum seekers were this week moved to the ship.
But what is legionella and what are the risks associated with catching it? i finds out everything you need to know about the bacterium.
What is legionella?
Legionella is common in natural water sources such as rivers, lakes and reservoirs, but usually in low numbers.
The bacteria can contaminate and grow in purpose-built water systems such as cooling towers, evaporative condensers, hot and cold water systems and whirlpool spas.
It can also be found in air conditioning systems, humidifiers, hot tubs and infrequently used taps and showers.
No vaccine is available for those who contract legionnaires’ disease as a result of being in contact with the bacteria.
The disease, which can be fatal, is treated with antibiotics such as doxycycline.
In August 2002, seven people died and 180 people suffered ill health as a result of an outbreak of legionella at a arts and leisure centre in Barrow-in-Furness, Cumbria.
Who are at risk?
People at a higher risk of being infected by the bacteria are those over 45 years of age, smokers and heavy drinkers, as well as those suffering from chronic respiratory or kidney disease and anyone with an impaired immune system.
People are also at risk from the disease if the the water temperature where it is living is between 20-45°C – because this causes the bacteria to grow.
Rust, sludge, scale, organic matter and biofilms are a nutrient for the bacteria and help it thrive.
What are the symptoms of legionnaires’ disease?
Symptoms of the disease include a cough, shortness of breath, a high temperature, flu-like symptoms and chest pain or discomfort.
Those with symptoms are advised to contact a medical professional, and tell them if they have been staying in a setting such as a hotel, spa or hospital in the past 10 days.